Dandruff is produced when the skin of the scalp exfoliates excessively. The white dusty flakes of material in the hair and on the shoulders are fragments of the superficial stratum corneum. Lack of shampooing can enhance dandruff by allowing flakes to accumulate on the hair. Dandruff is believed to be related to a fungus known as Malassezia (formerly termed pityrosporum) that lives on the scalp of most people. In some cases, overgrowth of the fungus results in the flakiness of the skin characteristic of dandruff.
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